He whakamaharatanga ngā tūru karuwhai mō te tirotiro i te wai, hei āheinga moe ki te hokohoko i ngā karuwhai e whakamahia ana i te mahi tirotiro i te wai. Ka taea e ēnei tūru whakarite i tētahi hanga o ngā rerekētanga, ina ko ngā whakapakaru, ngā āhuatanga kaweawhi me ngā karuwhai whakamāhewa i te toto o te moana. Ko te hanga o ngā pūnaha ka whai wāhi atu ki te whakarite i ngā rerekētanga, me ngā whiringa pūroro rīwai rānei, arā, ko te whakarato i te whakapakaru rīwai me ngā polimā rānei hei whakamutu i ngā raruraru i waenganui i ngā karuwhai i kawe nei. He whirinaki haumaru hoki i aua tūru, pērā i ngā puaka whakamutunga ā-wāhi āporo matua me ngā rāngai whakataki i ngā pūtake tuhura. Nā ngā tūru karuwhai mō te tirotiro i te wai e whakangungu ana i te whakatere me te haumarutanga o ngā karuwhai, ka whakaae mai ki te whakapono i te wai pai me te wai potable i roto i ngā tūnga me ngā whakahaerenga noa.