EN
Mōhiotia ngā Whakarite Kōwhaiwhai i ngā Waka Rākau Ārai
Ko te waikura i roto i ngā taiao waikawa he wero nui, nā te mea e whakaawe ana i te pānga ki ngā waikawa pūhui. Ko ēnei waikawa, pēnei i te waikawa pūhaumāota, te waikawa waikawa, me te waikawa kōhū, ka whakahohe ki ngā konganuku pēnei i te maitai me te konumohe, ka arahi ki te whakaheke konganuku me te kōhū. Ka kaha ake tēnei tukanga i ngā taiao e puta ai te waikura i whakauruhia e te pūtaiao (MIC), nā te mea ka tipu te huakita i roto i ngā āhuatanga waikawa, ka tere ake te waikura o te rauemi. Ko te mea e whakapakeke ake ana i ēnei wero ko ngā āhuatanga taiao, pēnei i te pāmahana me te haumākū. Ka taea e ngā pāmahana teitei ake te whakanui ake i te kaha o te matū, ka kino ake te tukanga waikura, i te wā e hurihuri ana te taumata haumākū ka taea te hanga i ngā āhuatanga e pai ana ki te waikura. He mea nui te mārama ki ēnei āhuatanga hei whakawhanake i ngā rautaki whai hua hei whakaiti i te pānga o te waikura i roto i ngā waka waka waka, i ngā waka waka waka, me ngā waka e pā ana.
Ko ngā pūtake o te kōpikopiko e whai ake ana i te whakahirahira mea, he nui rawa tana āhuatanga ki te haere tonu o te haumanu me te wehewehe i te mahi. Ka taea e te kōpikopiko te whakaputu i ngā hanganga, ka puta ai ngā pūnaha me ngā taeke, e hīkohia ana ngā momo takawaenga nui. Ko ēnei pūnaha e whai ana ki te mōhiohio whakahaere, e whakapakari ana i ngā utu mahi, e whakawhiwhi haere ana i te wā korenga e āheinga ana i te paihere. Ki ētahi matatika whenua, ko ngā take i roto i te kōpikopiko e whai ana i te nui o ngā mate moni i roto i ngā rōpū haumanu me ngā rōpū whakatere, e whakaatu ana i te nui o te hiahia ki te whakatū i ngā whakaaetanga kē hei whakamutu i ngā take nei. Nei atu i te mate moni, ko te nui o te whakahau i ngā taiao mō te kōpikopiko i whakaputa ai ngā taeke, e whakaatu ana i te hakihea moe ki te whakatū i ngā whakaaetanga kē hei tiaki i te kore rawa. Ki te whakaritea i te kōpikopiko i mua, ka whakamahia ai te haere tonu me te wehewehe i te mahi i runga i ngā hanganga nui, inaianei ko ngā rererangi whakatere mona, arā, ko ngā karamea haumanu, karamea u, me ngā karamea waina.
Momo me ngā Mekanika o ngā Kāwai Whakarite Korosīon
Kāwai Korehua: Hana Silikete me ō Rōpu Whakahoki
Nā ngā kāwai hana silikete i whakatūwhera te whakangungu nui ki te korosīon, ā, ka tuku mai i tēnei whakangungu tonu ki wāhi whakapuaki rerekē. Ko ēnei kāwai korehua e hua ana i te mākū ki te korosīon kua kitea e ngā tanka, ina he pūnaha matua hei whakatakoto i te wai. Ki runga i tō rātou tuhinga pai, ko ngā kāwai hana silikete e pai ana mo ngā taiao moana, kei reira te whakaaro nui ki ngā momo taiao kino. Hei paunga i tēnei, ko te rangahau e whai ake nei i tēnei huarahi pai, e kī ana ko ēnei kāwai e āhei ana ki te whakanui i te hanganga o te korosīon i waenganui i te 80%, kia whakatīnaku ai te oranga o ngā tanka me te whakamana i te whakauru pai.
Kāwai Hua: Pūtau Epoxy mo te Whakarite Ipuraa
Kei ngā kaiwhakarato epokisi te mana mo ā rātou whiuwhiu ki ngā momo purea me ngā hiranga matua o te whakapiri, e mahi ana hei tino pai mō ngā taunga i te aha e tukutuku ana i ngā purea ahinga. Ko ēnei kaiwhakarato eke pū, e whakatupu ana i tētahi mataeke rite, e iti ana i te ngenetanga o te whanaketanga mehana, ā, e heke ana i te whiu ki ngā pūtake purea nui. Kua tae atu ngā rangahau kia kitea ai ko te whakamahi i ngā whenua epokisi ka puta tonu mai te tataki i runga i ngā hokinga tirotiro, e hīnati ana i ngā utu noho me te whakapai i te weheweheranga purea ahinga o ngā taunga. Ko tēnei i a rātou ko tō rātou whakaawe nei i te take tōpūtanga ki ngā mea kino.
Ngā Whakaaetanga Atawhai: Kaiwhakapiri Purea Poro (CBPCs)
He whakaaetanga hou kei ngā Āhuatanga Keramika Fosetihi Rīmuri (CBPCs) hei whakaū i te raru whatiwhati nui ake i roto i ngā taiao tanka. Nō reira ngā kākano, e mohio ana ki tō rātou tahuri ki ngā mea whatiwhati, ka tuku whakahirahira anake te tiaki i ngā mata o ngā tanka. Hei whakamārama, ko ngā pūnaha kē ā-tuhi i te wā e pai ake ana i ngā pūnaha matua i raro i ngā wāhanga whakamātau, ā, ka whakangungu i te haumaru me te tiaki i te whareputa. Ki te hono rīmuri i te papa tuatahi, ka hanga ngā kākano i tētahi rāngai tū tonu hei whakaiti i ngā āhuatanga o te taiao me ngā āhuatanga rīmuri, ā, ka noho pai hei whakakapi i te whatiwhati nui i roto i ngā tono ā-rongoihia.
Nga Nga Take Matua o ngā Kākano Tiaki-Whatiwhati mō ngā Tanka Rongoihia
Whakapaeke i te Wā Ora o ngā Whatunga Tanka
Nui ake te hēnginga o ngā kaiwhakarite kōrero i roto i te whakatika i te wā e taea ana te whakapūmau i te oranga o ngā tahuhu o ngā takere, ka tiakina rātou mai i ngā whakaaro kino ā-moana. Ko te rangahau i roto i te whenua nei e tohu ana ki te mea ko te whakamahi pai o ēnei kaiwhakarite ka whakapūmau i te oranga o ngā tahuhu o ngā takere i runga i te 50%. Ko tēnei pūmau e whai ake nei i ngā taurewa nui, ā, ka heke i te mataku o ngā whakatūhia hou. Nā tēnei, ka iti iho ngā whakarerekē mahi mō te wā e hanga ai ngā tahuhu katoa, ka whai ake i te whai wāhi pai.
Whakatipu i te Haumanu i raro i te Whakamutunga i ngā Pūnaha me ngā Whakahēnga Rāhui
Te whai hua o te tā i ngā kōwhiringa e āhei ana ki te whakatūmuri i te kohu, he mea nui nō te whakangungu i te pūnaha haumaru, mā te whakahē i te uiui o ngā tuatahi e āhei ana ki te whakaputu i te whenua me ngā uiui haumaru. Kua kitea i ngā rautaki, ko ngā taiarahia e whai ana i ēnei kōwhiringa kei te iti rawa atu ngā whakapae whakarerekē me ngā takahi, ka whakamahia noa atu hei hanga i te mahi haumaru. No reira, ko te nui o ngā pūtea moni i te takahi i ngā uiui kohu, e whakaū ana i te nuinga o ēnei kōwhiringa hei whakatupu i te whakapai me te whakarite i te whiuwhiu kohinga.
Pūtea Whakaiti Ki Tōna Wāhanga Whakahaere me te Wāhanga Whakarite
He tino pai rawa te paanga nui o nga kawekawe e pai ana i te kaiwhakarite i te whakamutunga, e hikina nei i te utu kaipae mo nga whakahaere waka. Hei tanga i te raraunga o te whenua, ka taea e ngā pakihi te whakaiti i te 30% o ngā utu whakatika me ngā wa kore mahi e puta mai i te hanga koreko. Ki te tiakina kia noho ai ngā waka moe roa, ka whakauru tonu ngā kaupapa ki te tiaki i ngā rauemi, ahakoa ko te whakapai hoki o te mahi me te kaihanga moni. Ko tenei pai utu he tohu i te mahi nui o enei kawekawe i te whakariterite i te kaiwhakahaere.
Ka whakamana enei pai ki te hunga kaiwhakatau, me te whakamahi i nga kawekawe pai rawa hei whakarite i te koreko mo nga waka ake, hei tiakina i o ratau roanga me te pai o te mahi. Ki te kore etahi kawekawe nei, ka kitea e nga whakahaere waka nga momo mahi whakahaere, ahakoa ko nga paanga haumaru e taea nei te whakarohe i o ratau mahi me te moni.
Nga Tohutohu Whakahaere me Nga Whakamahi Iwi
Nga Tikanga Pai mo te Whakamahi Kawekawe me te Tirohanga
Te whakatinanatia i ngā tikanga matua mō te whakamahi i ngā kaiwhakarite e āheinga nei i te kōkiri he mea nui kē ki te whakapakari i tō rātou haurongo me te tirotiro i te roanga o te waka. Tuatahitia, he mea nui te whakatūria i ngā kauhanga whakanuia me ngā kauhanga tiaki i te wā kia tirotiro i te āhua o te kaiwhakarite me te whakahoki i ngā momo take e taea ana ki te whakahoki atu iha. Ko tēnei e āwhina ana kia kaua ngā take iti hei whai iho ki ngā raru nui e āheinga nei i te tuoro o te waka. He mea nui hoki te whakangungua i ngā kaimahi i ngā momo kaupapa pai kaiwhakarite. Ka taea e ngā kaimahi pai whakangungu kia pai ake ai te whakamahi i ngā kaiwhakarite, kia iti ake ngā hapa e āheinga nei i te korenga o te kaiwhakarite me te tirotiro hoki i te mahi o te kaiwhakarite ki ngā paerewa o te whenua.
Tauira Tuhituhi: Te Whakaiti Kōkiri i ngā Taiao Whakarerekē
He tauira paetae te tuhinga i roto i tētahi kaiwhakaeke akiti e whai ana i te aki, he tauira matihiko hoki hei tauira mō te kohanga pai o te whakamutunga i te kowhiti. I muri i te whakauru i ngā kaiwhakapu i raro i te kowhiti, ka rapua e te kaiwhakaeke nei he raru iti i ngā raru kowhiti me ngā utu whakahaere. Ko tenei tuhinga paetae he tohu noa i ngā paonga e taea ai etahi atu kaiwhakapu, pērā i te whakatika i te whiu me te iti i ngā utu whakatika. Ka taea te whakawehi i ēnei tauira ki ngā kaitono whenua hei whakamana i te aratau, e āwhina ana i te whakaaetanga i ngā tikanga pai mō te whakahoki i te matawhaki o ngā akiti e mahi ana i waenganui i ngā taiao nui tonu.
Te Whakarite i ngā Ratonga mō ngā Momotuhi Akiti: Ngaru Pūwai me ngā Akiti Kaimanuka
Ngā kawekawe whakarite i te kōpūtahi kaore i te tata ki ngā waka āmu anake; he mea hoki mō ētahi atu momo waka āmu, pēnei i ngā waka āmu ngenge me ngā waka āmu orongorongo. Mō ia momo waka āmu me tōna taiao mahi, e mohio ana ki ngā mate kōpūtahi kē e hiahiatia nei ngā whakaritenga hei whakaeke i ngā mate. Hei tauira, ahakoa ka hiahia te kaihokohoko waka āmu ngenge ki ngā kawekawe ā-momo hei whakatika i ngā āhua kōpūtahi o te ngenge, e hiahiatia ana ngā rara o ngā waka āmu wai kānga ki ngā whakaritenga kia tiakina mai ai i ngā āhua kōpūtahi o ngā matua kai kānga. Ki te hanga kōrero mō ngā whenua, ka whiwhi ake i te hīkoi pai, ka whakapai i te pūtake o ngā momo kawekawe whakarite i te kōpūtahi, ka whakapuakitia hoki ngā pai o enei momo whakarite ki te whānui ake o ngā tūtohu waka āmu.