Nā ngā kaihoko pūnaha whakamahana manu e whakarite ana i tētahi hanganga rite ki ngā taone āporo, ngā rōpū manu ā-ue, me ngā kaitaki whakahaere manu e hiahia ana ki te whakapakari rānei, takahuri rānei i ō rātou pūnaha whakamahana. Ko ēnei pūnaha whakamahana e tae ana i waenga i ngā momo me ngā rahi e rerekē ana, inaianei ko ngā āhuatanga īwangi pērā i te mohiotanga o te pūnaha, te rahinga whakamahana, me ngā rangahau paihere. E āhei ana ngā pūnaha whakamahana e taea nei ki ngā momo ture rānei me ngā putanga ā-wheako e whakaritea ana mo ngā huringa kei ngā take. Ki te whakaritea he pūnaha whakamahana manu hei hoko, ka āhei ai ngā kaihoko kia whiriwhiria ai te waka e pai rawa ana mo ō rātou mahi whakamahana, e tirotiro tonu ana ki te pai me te haumaru i te tuku pūnaha ki ngā waka manu, nō reira e meatia ana ngā paerewa me ngā ture ā-motu.